SAT II生物Ecology习题

1.  How is an ecosystem organized, from least to most comprehensive?
 (A) Individual, community, population, biome
 (B) Individual, population, community, biome 
 (C) Individual, population, niche, community
 (D) Individual, niche, community, population
 (E) Individual, population, biome, niche 

2.  Why is energy lost as it moves from producers to primary consumers?
 (A) Saprophytic activity
 (B) Biomass decreases
 (C) Secondary consumers eat primary consumers
 (D) Respiration and metabolic activity
 (E) None of the above

3.  Which of the following organisms participate in the nitrogen cycle? 
 (A) Denitrifying bacteria 
 (B) Chemosynthetic bacteria 
 (C) Saprophytes 
 (D) All of the above 
 (E) None of the above

4.  When resources are abundant and the environment is stable, which reproductive strategy is most effective? 
 (A) Sexual reproduction, with intense parental care and slow development
 (B) Sexual reproduction, with slight parental care and quick development
 (C) Parthenogenesis 
 (D) All of the above 
 (E) None of the above 

5.  Why might growth slow from an exponential rate in a population of sheep? 
 (A) Disease
 (B) Lack of space 
 (C) Wolves 
 (D) All of the above
 (E) None of the above 

6.  What is a relationship in which two organisms both benefit from their association?
 (A) Symbiosis
 (B) Mutualism
 (C) Commensalism
 (D) Parasitism
 (E) Competition

7.  Which is true of ecological succession? 
 (A) Pioneer species move into new communities first.
 (B) Climax communities have lower total biomass than preceding communities.
 (C) Species diversity is greatest in the early stages of succession.
 (D) Climax communities shift constantly.
 (E) All of the above

8.  Tundra is characterized by
 (A) trees such as beech, maple, and oak 
 (B) high biodiversity 
 (C) barrenness 
 (D) a short growing season following rainfall 
 (E) none of the above

9.  Which of the following releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere? 
 (A) Animal consumption of producers 
 (B) Photosynthesis 
 (C) Chemosynthesis 
 (D) Bacterial decay 
 (E) None of the above

10.  In a plains community, the population with greatest biomass would be
 (A) hawks
 (B) foxes 
 (C) prairie dogs
 (D) grasses
 (E) beetles